When you want skincare that works, it’s all about using the right ingredients. And if you’re interested in getting an anti-aging effect from your products, it might be time to look for ones that are formulated with adenosine. Although commonly used to treat irregular heart rhythms in a controlled hospital setting, this naturally occurring chemical compound is now a new favorite in skincare products. 

Curious to learn more? Allow our dermatology experts to explain everything you need to know about adenosine in skincare: What it is, how it’s used, and safety precautions to consider when incorporating it into your routine. Let’s dive in. 

What is adenosine?

Adenosine is a naturally occurring substance that has many important roles within the body. One role it plays is that of a vasodilator.¹ Vasodilators allow for the blood vessels within the body to relax and widen, allowing blood flow to increase in areas where it is needed. In fact, adenosine is often used to help regulate a person’s heart rate when they are in certain irregular rhythms.² However, adenosine is becoming popular in many anti-aging and skincare products. 

Products containing adenosine 

Though it may be present in small amounts, adenosine has shown promise in cosmetics and skincare. Given its potential anti-aging and tissue repair properties, you may find it in skincare products such as:

  • Facial moisturizer
  • Face masks
  • Face serums
  • Eye cream
  • CC cream
  • Concealer
  • Foundation
  • And more!

Adenosine in skincare benefits

What can adenosine do for your skin that’s so special? Multiple benefits may arise when skincare products include adenosine. 

Anti-wrinkle effects

Researchers have identified adenosine as a potential anti-aging skincare ingredient, as it smooths the appearance of wrinkles. More specifically, one study evaluated the effect of adenosine-containing products, reporting a significant reduction in the appearance of glabellar frown lines as a result of their use.³ 

Additionally, other studies reviewed dissolvable films⁴ and microneedle patches containing adenosine and discovered the improvement in participants’ crow’s feet and other wrinkles.⁵ 

Improved collagen production

As we age, the overall collagen content in the skin surface diminishes (1% per year, but who’s counting?).⁶ Aside from the natural aging process, other factors that degrade collagen stores and production are photodamage, free radical exposures, and environmental factors. 

Adenosine has been identified as having the ability to stimulate collagen synthesis, improve skin hydration, and improve skin elasticity.⁷

Complimentary with other cosmetic therapies

The botox and cosmetic filler industry is booming! Though these services provide their own benefits for beauty and anti-aging effects, one study found that the final results, like improving fine lines and wrinkles, are supported when a skincare product combining adenosine, retinol, and hyaluronic acid was used after botox.⁸

Adenosine safety considerations

There are a few safety factors worth considering before using adenosine-containing cosmetic and skincare products. 

During the testing phase of a study, researchers were tasked with determining if adenosine-containing products were safe to use. Some of the tests they performed included skin irritation tests, which showed no signs of irritation.⁹

Other tests performed were inhalation tests. Experts watched for signs of increased histamine or blood level changes that might indicate an allergic reaction from the products being tested. Luckily, no major concerns were noted. In the aerosolized tests, some participants noted minor difficulties in breathing and throat irritation, which could indicate a possible reaction if some products are inhaled.¹⁰

Is adenosine safe to use?

It is also important to note that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) does not approve individual cosmetic products, but does require proper labeling on the products.¹¹ Luckily, during the testing phases, there were no red flags regarding the safety and efficacy of these products. Overall, the FDA and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) felt that adenosine-containing products with concentrations up to 0.1% were safe to use.¹² As for side effects to watch for, do look out for any skin irritation or allergic reactions with any new product use. And consult with a licensed medical provider if you have any questions or concerns.